LEDs are similar to low level lasers; as they offer the same healing effects since they both provide monochromatic photons, but they differ in the way the photons are delivered. Even when both use similar diodes in their construction, lasers typically have a greater intensity of light than LEDs and can concentrate that energy at the surface of the skin. This makes lasers good for spot treatment and multiple LED’s ideal for safely treating larger surfaces.
Cellular Effects of
Photons Relevant to Skin Repair
ü adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) production
ü growth factor release
by macrophages
ü keratinocyte
proliferation
ü
fibroblast proliferation
ü collagen synthesis
Wavelength
The
wavelength determines the absorption and propagation characteristics of the light
wave and its biological effect. Both blue and the deeper penetrating orange red
wave lengths have significant effects on cell function and are proven valuable
in the aesthetic practice.
In the orange
red spectral region, the respiratory chain enzyme cytochrome-c oxidase accepts
photons: it stimulates ATP and collagen synthesis and displays
anti-inflammatory properties by influencing cytokine release from macrophages.
“LED treatments work well after any procedure that causes erythema and irritation, including chemical peels, lasers and IPL,” says Mitchel P. Goldman, MD, clinical professor of dermatology at the University of California San Diego.
In the blue spectral region, flavoproteins such as NADH dehydrogenase accept photons.
American Academy of Dermatology… "[Blue] Light gets at the core of what causes acne eruptions. Propionibacterium acnes (P. acne), the bacteria responsible for causing acne inflammation, pump out tiny molecules called porphyrins. When those porphyrins are exposed to certain wavelengths of light, they produce free radicals that kill the bacteria. Without P. acnes around to cause inflammation, acne clears up."
Note: Low frequency pulsed high voltage; stimulates ATP and collagen synthesis, offering significant anti-inflammatory properties and it has also been shown to enhance healing.
The anti-inflammatory mechanism of 635 nm light-emitting-diode irradiation compared with existing COX inhibitors.
Lim
W, Lee S, Kim I, Chung M, Kim M, Lim H, Park J, Kim O, Choi H
Department of Oral Pathology, 2nd
Stage of Brain Korea 21 for School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research
Institute, Chonnam National University, Bug-Gu, Gwangju, Korea.
BACKGROUND
AND OBJECTIVES: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) protects cells against cell injury in specific pathophysiological situations: inflammation and oxidative stress. Although the anti-inflammatory effects have been reported in clinical fields for specific wavelength irradiation during wound healing, the physiological mechanism has not been clarified yet. The aim of the present study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of 635 nm light-emitting-diode (LED) irradiation compared with existing COX inhibitors.
RESULTS: Results showed that 635 nm irradiation and existing COX inhibitors inhibit expression of COX and PGE(2) release. Unlike indomethacin and ibuprofen, 635 nm irradiation leads to a decrease of ROS levels and mRNA expression of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) and secretary phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)). CONCLUSION: Taken together, 635 nm irradiation, unlike indomethacin and ibuprofen, can directly dissociate the ROS. This inhibits cPLA(2), sPLA(2), and COX expression, and results in the inhibition of PGE(2) release. Thus, we suggest that 635 nm irradiation inhibits PGE(2) synthesis like COX inhibitor and appears to be useful as an anti-inflammatory tool.
Lasers Surg Med 2007 Aug 39(7) 614-21
A comparison of the effects of laser and light-emitting diodes on superoxide dismutase activity and nitric oxide production in rat wound fluid
Klebanov GI, Shuraeva NIu, Chichuk TV, Osipov AN, Vladimirov IuA
The
action of laser and light-emitting diode radiation in the visible region on the
content of reactive nitrogen species and activity of superoxide dismutase in
rat wound fluid was studied, and efficiency of action of coherent laser and
incoherent light emitting diode radiations in the red region of the spectrum on
the parameters under study was compared. A model of incised aseptic wounds in rats proposed by L.I. Slutskiy was used.
A
He-Ne laser (632 nm) and a Y-332B light emitting diode served as radiation
sources. It was shown that (1) exposure of wounds to the visible light of both laser and light-emitting diodes causes
dose-dependent changes in superoxide dismutase activity and production of
nitrites and (2) the radiation coherence
does not play any significant role in the changes of superoxide dismutase
activity or nitrogen oxide formation by wound fluid phagocytes.
Biofizika 2006 Jan-Feb 51(1) 116-22
No comments:
Post a Comment